Bodyweight Squat

Overview

The bodyweight squat is a fundamental movement assessment that evaluates an athlete’s ability to perform a basic squatting motion with proper form and range of motion. This movement is commonly used in athletic assessment and training as it provides valuable information about lower extremity mobility, strength, and movement patterns.

Example image of a man doing a bodyweight squat, bottom position

Instructions

Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, toes forward or slightly out. Descend as far as possible by bending at the hips and knees, keeping the chest up and knees in line with the toes. Stand back up to the start position. Perform at a natural, controlled pace without pausing at the bottom.

Dimensions

Required inputs for processing:

None

Output Variables

Generic Outputs

Every capture includes session metadata, standard joint angle/velocity time series, and 3D keypoint positions common to all movements. See Generic Outputs for the full list.

Events

Metric	Description	Column Name
Initiation	the start of the squat	`squat_initiation_frame`
Bottom1	the first instance of maximum squat depth	“
Bottom	the instant of maximum squat depth	`squat_bottom_frame`
Ascent Start	the start of upward movement	“
End	the end of the movement	`squat_end_frame`

Movement Flags and General Metrics

Metric	Units	Description	Column Name
Bottom Time	seconds	Time spent at bottom position	`time_while_at_bottom`
Continuous	N/A	Whether squat is continuous (1) or has pause (0)	`continuous_motion`
Hips Feet Stationary	N/A	Whether hips and feet remain stationary (1) or not (0)	`hips_feet_stationary`
Knees Track	N/A	Whether knees track properly (1) or not (0)	`knees_track`
Eccentric Hip-Knee Dominance	ratio	Hip-knee dominance during eccentric phase (0=hip dominant, 1=knee dominant)	`eccentric_hip_knee_dominance`
Concentric Hip-Knee Dominance	ratio	Hip-knee dominance during concentric phase (0=hip dominant, 1=knee dominant)	`concentric_hip_knee_dominance`
Vertical Hip Lower Than Vertical Knee	N/A	Whether hips go below knees (1) or not (0)	`hip_below_knee`
Vertical Hip Lower Than Vertical Knee Distance	meters	Distance between hip and knee at bottom	`hip_below_knee_distance`
Trunk Tibia Parallel	N/A	Whether trunk and tibia are parallel (1) or not (0)	`trunk_tibia_parallel`
Trunk Tibia Angle	degrees	Angle between trunk and tibia	`trunk_tibia_angle`

Distance and Velocity Metrics

Metric	Units	Description	Column Name
Right Valgus Bottom	meters	Right knee valgus at bottom position	`right_knee_valgus_at_bottom`
Left Valgus Bottom	meters	Left knee valgus at bottom position	`left_knee_valgus_at_bottom`
Right Valgus Eccentric Full	meters	Maximum right knee valgus during eccentric phase	`right_valgus_distance_eccentric`
Left Valgus Eccentric Full	meters	Maximum left knee valgus during eccentric phase	`left_valgus_distance_eccentric`
Right Valgus Concentric Full	meters	Maximum right knee valgus during concentric phase	`right_valgus_distance_concentric`
Left Valgus Concentric Full	meters	Maximum left knee valgus during concentric phase	`left_valgus_distance_concentric`
Depth	meters	Vertical displacement of pelvis from start to bottom	`squat_depth`
Eccentric Velocity	m/s	Average velocity during eccentric phase	`max_eccentric_velocity`
Concentric Velocity	m/s	Average velocity during concentric phase	`max_concentric_velocity`

Joint Angle Metrics

Metric	Units	Description	Column Name
Max Trunk Angle	degrees	Maximum trunk angle relative to vertical	“
Left Peak Hip Flexion	degrees	Maximum left hip flexion angle	`peak_left_hip_flexion_angle`
Right Peak Hip Flexion	degrees	Maximum right hip flexion angle	`peak_right_hip_flexion_angle`
Left Peak Knee Flexion	degrees	Maximum left knee flexion angle	`peak_left_knee_flexion_angle`
Right Peak Knee Flexion	degrees	Maximum right knee flexion angle	`peak_right_knee_flexion_angle`
Left Peak Ankle Flexion	degrees	Maximum left ankle flexion angle	`peak_left_ankle_flexion_angle`
Right Peak Ankle Flexion	degrees	Maximum right ankle flexion angle	`peak_right_ankle_flexion_angle`

Notes

Kinematic data typically captured at 120Hz for Squatting

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Resources

Biomechanics

Bodyweight Squat

Overview

Instructions

Dimensions

Output Variables

Generic Outputs

Events

Movement Flags and General Metrics

Distance and Velocity Metrics

Joint Angle Metrics

Notes

​Overview

​Instructions

​Dimensions

​Output Variables

​Generic Outputs

​Events

​Movement Flags and General Metrics

​Distance and Velocity Metrics

​Joint Angle Metrics

​Notes

Overview

Instructions

Dimensions

Output Variables

Generic Outputs

Events

Movement Flags and General Metrics

Distance and Velocity Metrics

Joint Angle Metrics

Notes